Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions
Биологические свойства внеклеточных везикул и их физиологические функции
2015-01-01
SCID: 54.1/4vsft2x7
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EV biologyextracellular vesiclesintercellular communicationmolecular cargophysiological homeostasis
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Abstract (AI)
In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells. While intensive investigation has targeted the role of EVs in different pathological processes, for example, in cancer and autoimmune diseases, the EV-mediated maintenance of homeostasis and the regulation of physiological functions have remained less explored. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs, which has been written by crowd-sourcing, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia-based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia. This review is intended to be of relevance to both researchers already working on EV biology and to newcomers who will encounter this universal cell biological system. Therefore, here we address the molecular contents and functions of EVs in various tissues and body fluids from cell systems to organs. We also review the physiological mechanisms of EVs in bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants to highlight the functional uniformity of this emerging communication system.
Key Findings
1
EV cargo can influence physiological and pathological functions in both recipient cells and the cells that produce them.
2
EV-mediated communication shows functional uniformity across bacteria, lower eukaryotes, plants, and animals, suggesting a broadly conserved biological system.
3
Extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular communication across prokaryotes and eukaryotes by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
4
Physiological roles of EVs in maintaining homeostasis and regulating normal functions remain less explored than their involvement in cancer and autoimmune disease.
5
The review synthesizes EV contents and functions across tissues, body fluids, cell systems, and organs using expertise from scientists across 27 European countries, the United States, and Australia.
Research Object
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)
Research Subject
The molecular contents and physiological functions of EVs, including their roles in intercellular communication, homeostasis, and regulation across biological systems
Publication Details
Publication Date
2015-01-01
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