Portable, real-time 3D ultrasound for operator-independent breast imaging

) integrates around fragile wirebonds, reduces inter-element crosstalk by ~4.5 dB throughout the array, and improves axial and lateral/elevational resolutions by ~200 µm and ~70 µm, respectively. Layered Aberration-Correction Reconstruction (LACR), an adaptive 3D beamformer, compensates for heterogeneous speed-of-sound (SoS) in the breast, reducing depth localization error by 2 mm and aberration defocusing by 70 µm on average at a 5 cm depth. Nine of the ten participants in an in vitro study showed improved microtarget detection efficiency with 3D PURE relative to a conventional 2D system (p = 0.0215), analogous to detection of microcalcifications. These results, combined with in vivo imaging validation of various phenotypes, highlight the potential of 3D PURE for reliable breast imaging. Furthermore, a vision-guided computer interface, MyFUS, ensures self-guided, user-friendly, and operator-independent probe positioning for longitudinal monitoring.