Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution
Десять тысячелетий эволюции вируса гепатита B
2021-10-08
SCID: 54.1/gbfntuhe
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Holocene Eurasian and Native American dispersalNeolithic transition and farmer-mediated spreadancient HBV genomesgenotype G reemergencephylogenetic dating (MRCA ~20,000–12,000 years ago)
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Abstract (AI)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. The only remnant of this prehistoric HBV diversity is the rare genotype G, which appears to have reemerged during the HIV pandemic.
Key Findings
1
After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely spread by early farmers that dominated western Eurasia for ~4000 years.
2
HBV genomic data were generated from 137 ancient individuals dated ~10,500 to ~400 years ago across Eurasia and the Americas.
3
HBV was present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene.
4
That widespread prehistoric HBV lineage declined around the end of the 2nd millennium BCE.
5
The most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages is dated between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago.
6
The only surviving remnant of this prehistoric HBV diversity is rare genotype G, which appears to have reemerged during the HIV pandemic.
Research Object
Hepatitis B virus (ancient HBV genomes from Eurasians and Native Americans dated ~10,500–400 years ago)
Research Subject
Evolutionary history, past diversity, temporal origin, and dispersal routes of HBV lineages over the last ten millennia, including lineage replacement after the European Neolithic and persistence/emergence of specific genotypes (e.g., genotype G)
Publication Details
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2021-10-08
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