Risk factors and complications of esophageal colon plastic surgery in children

Introduction. The need to identify risk factors and complications of esophageal plastic surgery in children remains significant in pediatric surgery. This is due to the fact common risk factors in esophageal surgery in children to be associated with various forms of esophageal atresia in newborns, issues of choosing a transplant as a rescue strategy for chemical burns and esophageal strictures, technical difficulties in the formation of anastomoses, recurrent and refractory strictures after the restoration of esophageal atresia. The aim: to identify significant risk factors and complications of esophageal plastic surgery in children with colon. Literature was searched in Embase, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline databases. Indications for plastic surgery of the esophagus in children include atresia of the esophagus with diastasis, which does not allow direct esophagoesophagoanastomosis; cicatricial post-burn and peptic stenosis of the esophagus, resistant to bougie; previously unsuccessful attempts to create an artificial esophagus and other rare forms of pathology. The optimal plastic material for plastic surgery of the esophagus in children is the colon. The choice of colon graft should be flexible and based on an assessment of its blood supply, required length and location. In this case, the left sections of the colon are most often used, due to the anatomical features of the vessels of this department. Complications of colon esophageal plastic surgery are mainly associated with impaired blood supply to the transplant. The use of endoscopic methods in the reconstruction of the esophagus in children can significantly improve the results of surgical treatment of such patients with mandatory timely correction of intraoperative risk factors.Contribution: Shmykova A.O., Alkhasov A.B. — study concept; Shmykova A.O., Ratnikov S.A., Portugal P.M. — collecting and processing material, writing the text; Alkhasov A.B. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Received: October 24, 2025Accepted: November 27, 2025Published: December 25, 2025