Proceedings of the XIII International Scientific and Practical Conference

Common barley (lat.Hordéum vulgáre) has long been an important fodder and food crop.This is due to the fact that barley grain is the most balanced in terms of amino acid composition and is not processed by the main cereal crops, and it contains more lysine than corn, oats, sorghum, wheat or rice.In recent years, in modern agricultural production, there has been a steady trend towards increasing the use of various types of mineral fertilizers, which is due to the preservation of the balance of nutrients and soil fertility and the increase in crop yield indicators [1].Barley is one of the most common grain crops in Ukraine and the world [2].Winter and spring barley are grown on the territory of our state.In 2017, the sown area under winter barley amounted to 1619.2 thousand hectares, which is less compared to 2016 -1939.0thousand hectares, but for now there is a demand for Ukrainian barley [3].It is one of the most common grain ear crops in the world and in Ukraine.It is used in the processing, food, brewing, confectionery, and pharmaceutical industries.And in the field of fodder production, it is simply irreplaceable, because the production cost of barley grain is much lower than that of other grain crops.Barley grain is valuable for feeding animals, also because its nutritional qualities approach the standards of final feed.Field experiments were conducted during 2020-2022 at the research sites of the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science of the Uman National University of Science and Technology.The Komandor spring barley variety was sown.Spring barley is one of the main fodder and food crops of Ukraine.In the conditions of modern market relations, the yield and quality of grain of this crop play an important role both for farmers and for the country as a whole.Untimely application of mineral fertilizers or their excessive amount often leads to laying down of cereal plants, and this, in turn, prevents obtaining high yields, reduces the effectiveness of fertilizers, complicates the harvesting process, and worsens the quality indicators of grain [4, 5, 6, 7].The development of the total biomass of spring barley has a direct dependence on the height of the plants by development phase.In the initial phases of development (before emergence into the tube), the height of the barley plants had approximately the same indicators for the years of research and for the variants of the experiment.However, in the earing phase of spring barley plants in 2022 and 2021, they were 8.3...12.4 cm higher than the level of 2020.This trend in favor of 2021 and 2020 persisted in the later phases of spring barley development.In all years of research, when root fertilization was carried out in the phases of earing and milk maturity, barley plants were higher than in the control without fertilizers.The excess was up to 0.1...4.8 cm.Meanwhile, a significant difference in the earing phase (3.8...7.8 cm with NIR05 2.0... .2.3 cm) was in the variants of root feeding N 30 , N 60 and N 90 .Therefore, the height of plants is an important component of productivity, since the choice of its optimal parameters depending on the soil and climatic conditions of cultivation in combination with other economic and valuable features allows creating high-yielding varieties.References