Stability, Growth, and Decline in Adult Life Span Development of Declarative Memory: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data From a Population-Based Study.
Стабильность, рост и снижение в развитии декларативной памяти на протяжении взрослой жизни: поперечные и продольные данные популяционного исследования
2005-03-01
SCID: 54.1/n5cp2rr9
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cohort differences in educationcross-sectional vs longitudinalepisodic memorypractice/retest effectssemantic memory
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Abstract (AI)
Five-year changes in episodic and semantic memory were examined in a sample of 829 participants (35-80 years). A cohort-matched sample (N=967) was assessed to control for practice effects. For episodic memory, cross-sectional analyses indicated gradual age-related decrements, whereas the longitudinal data revealed no decrements before age 60, even when practice effects were adjusted for. Longitudinally, semantic memory showed minor increments until age 55, with smaller decrements in old age as compared with episodic memory. Cohort differences in educational attainment appear to account for the discrepancies between cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Collectively, the results show that age trajectories for episodic and semantic memory differ and underscore the need to control for cohort and retest effects in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, respectively.
Key Findings
1
Cohort differences in educational attainment help explain discrepancies between cross-sectional and longitudinal memory trajectories.
2
Cross-sectional analyses indicated gradual age-related declines in episodic memory not observed longitudinally before age 60.
3
In a population-based sample (N=829; ages 35–80), five-year longitudinal data showed no episodic memory decrements before age 60.
4
Semantic memory exhibited minor longitudinal improvements until about age 55, with smaller decrements in old age than episodic memory.
5
The study emphasizes controlling for cohort effects in cross-sectional studies and retest/practice effects in longitudinal studies of declarative memory.
Research Object
Declarative memory (episodic and semantic) development in adults aged 35–80 from a population-based sample
Research Subject
Age-related stability, growth, and decline trajectories over five years in episodic and semantic memory, including effects of cohort differences, practice/retest effects, and cross-sectional versus longitudinal comparisons
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2005-03-01
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