CHEMIGATION BY MULTI-SUPPORT SPRINKLER MACHINES

The use of multi-support sprinklers to combine various irrigation operations makes it possible to optimize the irrigation process. Irrigation chemigation is the application of agrochemicals to soil or plants using an irrigation system and by introducing a chemical into irrigation water. The obvious advantage is cost reduction. The required number and range of technical means is reduced, labor costs and the total cost of work are reduced, soil compaction caused by the movement of machines and aggregates is minimized. A new approach and research are required to combine irrigation with the application of fertilizers (mineral and organic), trace elements, chemical ameliorants, growth stimulants and pesticides, while ensuring maximum environmental safety. Sprinklers ensure high spraying efficiency due to the large gripping width and uniform distribution of substances. The article presents a technological scheme for the introduction of agrochemicals with irrigation water. A schematic diagram of the chemicalization point (block) and its device are given. Current technologies are fine-grained spraying, aerosol sprinkling, pollination and spraying with water-air chemical compositions. The circular multi-purpose sprinkler is retrofitted with a compressor, a container with chemicals, and drain pipes for near-surface irrigation with water-air sprayers installed on them. The article proposes the device of a water-air sprayer, its operation is modeled. The device is a tubular body with a sleeve, in the lower part of which there is a replaceable nozzle with a calibrated hole. An aqueous solution from the machine's pipeline and air from the compressor are fed into the sleeve through a fitting fixed in the sleeve, forming a water-air chemical mixture at the outlet. The article models the operation of a water-air sprayer. The main design parameters of a water-air mixture spray torch are presented.