Body Localization of ACE-2: On the Trail of the Keyhole of SARS-CoV-2

Локализация ACE2 в организме: по следам замочной скважины SARS-CoV-2
Francesca Salamanna, Melania Maglio, Maria Paola Landini, Milena Fini
2020-12-03

ACE2 body distributionACE2-expressing organsCOVID-19 disease progressionSARS-CoV-2 host-cell entrymultiple organ failure
The explosion of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has brought the role of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) back into the scientific limelight. Since SARS-CoV-2 must bind the ACE2 for entering the host cells in humans, its expression and body localization are critical to track the potential target organ of this infection and to outline disease progression and clinical outcomes. Here, we mapped the physiological body distribution, expression, and activities of ACE2 and discussed its potential correlations and mutal interactions with the disparate symptoms present in SARS-CoV-2 patients at the level of different organs. We highlighted that despite during SARS-CoV-2 infection ACE2-expressing organs may become direct targets, leading to severe pathological manifestations, and subsequent multiple organ failures, the exact mechanism and the potential interactions through which ACE2 acts in these organs is still heavily debated. Further scientific efforts, also considering a personalized approach aimed to consider specific patient differences in the mutual interactions ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 and the long-term health effects associated with COVID-19 are currently mandatory.
1
ACE2 expression and physiological distribution across organs are critical for identifying potential SARS-CoV-2 target tissues and understanding disease progression.
2
ACE2-expressing organs may serve as direct viral targets, contributing to severe pathological manifestations and subsequent multiple-organ failure.
3
Further research should address patient-specific ACE2–SARS-CoV-2 interactions and their long-term health consequences using personalized approaches.
4
The mechanisms by which ACE2 mediates organ-specific effects during SARS-CoV-2 infection remain heavily debated and incompletely understood.
5
The paper maps ACE2 localization, expression, and activity and relates them to organ-specific symptoms observed in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

ACE2 expression and physiological body distribution across human organs

The relationships between ACE2 localization, activity, and SARS-CoV-2 infection manifestations, including target-organ involvement and disease progression

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2020-12-03
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Francesca Salamanna
Melania Maglio
Maria Paola Landini
Milena Fini
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