Computer‐Generated Graphite Pencil Rendering of 3D Polygonal Models

Researchers in non‐photorealistic rendering have investigated the display of three‐dimensional worlds using various display models. In particular, recent work has focused on the modeling of traditional artistic media and styles such as pen‐and‐ink illustration and watercolor painting. By providing 3D rendering systems that use these alternative display models users can generate traditional illustration renderings of their three‐dimensional worlds. In this paper we present our graphite pencil 3D renderer. We have broken the problem of simulating pencil drawing down into four fundamental parts: (1) simulating the drawing materials (graphite pencil and drawing paper, blenders and kneaded eraser), (2) modeling the drawing primitives (individual pencil strokes and mark‐making to create tones and textures), (3) simulating the basic rendering techniques used by artists and illustrators familiar with pencil rendering, and (4) modeling the control of the drawing composition. Each part builds upon the others and is essential to developing the framework for higher‐level rendering methods and tools. In this paper we present parts 2, 3, and 4 of our research. We present non‐photorealistic graphite pencil rendering methods for outlining and shading. We also present the control of drawing steps from preparatory sketches to finished rendering results. We demonstrate the capabilities of our approach with a variety of images generated from 3D models.