Searching for a New Identity in a New Era: Emergence and Development of Sakha (Yakutia) as an Arctic Region

The article addresses the infl uence on Central Asian reality exerted by naming and the practice of identifying the peoples inhabiting this area by dominant Others.I note that the identifi cation of those human communities was always an act of aggression that led to establishing a relation between rulers and those subordinate to them.I submit that what joins various epochs in the history of the human communities of Central Asia is not imperialism but rather colonialism, and propose describing those processes by means of a systemic concept of colonialism.Imperial practice in Central Asia was based on subordinating tribal communities and non-national states without deeper interference into their inner structures.Up until the 20th century the three great powers jockeyed above all to block one another.The change following the collapse of the USSR did not lead to the creation of regional independence.Rather, the national identities of the new states are a product of the modernization compelled by Soviet policies.This especially concerns small communities that, always valuing their autonomy, did not strike observers-explorers as material for nations.The preponderance of the external point of view along with the infl uence of images arisen in the dominant surrounding (including that of science) maintain these * This paper is an extensively modifi ed version of a lecture of the same title, delivered during the workshop "Facing the Challenge of Identifi cation: New Approaches to Buryat Identities and Their Cross-Border Dynamics" in Warsaw in June 2016.Tajikistan (Gorno-Badakhshan)."In Mapping Transition in the Pamirs: With Case Studies on the Changing Human-Environmental Landscapes, edited by H. Kreutzmann and T.