Vitrification of Nuclear Wastes by Complex Sol-Gel Process

For synthesis of silica glasses designed to contain high-level nuclear wastes，a patented complex sol-gel process has been used. Surrogates of the nuclear waste elements Cs, Sr, Co, and Nd (generically denoted Me) were used. Gels in the forms of powders and sintered compacts were prepared by hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxide/Me nitrate solutions, which contained ascorbic acid as a catalyst. Transformation to final products was studied by thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Preliminary testing of Me leaching was also completed in water. Most of the final products were porous; only a single dense form was resistant to leaching.