The giant diploid faba genome unlocks variation in a global protein crop
Гигантский диплоидный геном бобов раскрывает вариабельность глобально значимой белковой культуры
2023-03-08
SCID: 54.1/wsebg3ma
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chromosome-scale assemblyfaba bean genomegenome-wide association analysisretrotransposonstargeted genotyping assay
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Abstract (AI)
Abstract Increasing the proportion of locally produced plant protein in currently meat-rich diets could substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity 1 . However, plant protein production is hampered by the lack of a cool-season legume equivalent to soybean in agronomic value 2 . Faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) has a high yield potential and is well suited for cultivation in temperate regions, but genomic resources are scarce. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale assembly of the faba bean genome and show that it has expanded to a massive 13 Gb in size through an imbalance between the rates of amplification and elimination of retrotransposons and satellite repeats. Genes and recombination events are evenly dispersed across chromosomes and the gene space is remarkably compact considering the genome size, although with substantial copy number variation driven by tandem duplication. Demonstrating practical application of the genome sequence, we develop a targeted genotyping assay and use high-resolution genome-wide association analysis to dissect the genetic basis of seed size and hilum colour. The resources presented constitute a genomics-based breeding platform for faba bean, enabling breeders and geneticists to accelerate the improvement of sustainable protein production across the Mediterranean, subtropical and northern temperate agroecological zones.
Key Findings
1
A high-quality chromosome-scale assembly reveals that the faba bean genome is exceptionally large at 13 Gb.
2
A targeted genotyping assay and high-resolution genome-wide association analysis identified genetic bases for seed size and hilum colour.
3
Genes and recombination events are evenly distributed across chromosomes, while tandem duplication drives substantial gene copy-number variation.
4
The genome expanded through an imbalance between retrotransposon and satellite-repeat amplification and elimination rates.
5
The genomic resources establish a breeding platform to accelerate sustainable faba bean protein production across diverse temperate and subtropical regions.
Research Object
The faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genome and its genetic variation
Research Subject
Genome expansion, organization, repetitive-element dynamics, copy-number variation, and the genetic basis of seed size and hilum colour
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2023-03-08
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