ATLAS OF THE DOMESTIC TURKEY (MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO). MYOLOGY AND OSTEOLOGY.

Right Lateral View Superficial and Second Layers 1. M. articulohyoideus -(See Plate 3) 2. M. articulomylohyoideus -(See Plate 3) 3. M. biventer maxillae -(See Plate 2) 4. M. complexus -(See Plate 7) 5. M. cutaneus colli lateralis -(See Plate 7) 6. M. depressor palpebrarum ventralis, ventral depressor of the eyelid (not figured) FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: scanty fibers lying in fascia of ventral aspect of orbital fossa; under the eye and its caudal muscles; over dorsal palatine muscles.ORIGIN: palatine caudally by fibers.INSERTION: ventral eyelid, by fibers to fascia.ACTION: depresses ventral eyelid.7. M. geniohyoideus -(See Plate 2) 8. M. mylohyoideus -(See Plate 3) 9. M. quadratomandibularis -(See Plate 2) 10.M. rectus capitis lateralis -(See Plate 9) 11.M. sternothyrohyoideus -(See Plate 3) 12. M. temporalis et masseter, the temporal and masseter FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: slightly triangular, of three fasciculi which are not separable into a separate temporalis and separate masseter as in the chicken; just deep to zygomaticum; lies caudal to the orbit and cranial to the external auditory meatus; just below the skin, zygomatic fascia and cutaneus colli lateralis; superficial to mandibularis infraorbitalis, the fascia of the orbit, and to the mandible and zygomatic process of alisphenoid.ORIGIN: alisphenoid, from caudal portion of zygomatic process; also from temporal fossa.INSERTION: mandible lateral border by fibers and coronoid process dorsal portion by a tendon.ACTION: closes beak.13.M. trachelomastoideus -(See Plate 10) 14.M. tracheolateralis -(See Plate 4) Plate 2 Head Right Lateral View Third and Deep Layers 1. M. articulohyoideus, articulohyoid -(See Plate 3) 2. M. biventer maxillae, the biventer of the jaw FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: short, thick and triangular; follows contours of caudoventral angle of caudal process of the pars articularis; lies below cutaneous colli lateralis; above lateral portion of the lambdoidal suture; caudal to articulomylohyoideus and articulohyoideus; cranial to geniohyoideus.ORIGIN: lambdoidal suture, lateral surface and ridge caudal to the external auditory meatus by fibers.INSERTION: pars articularis, caudomedial surface of caudal process of the pars articularis of the mandible by fibers.ACTION: opens the beak.3. M. entotympanicus -(See Plate 4) 4. M. geniohyoideus, geniohyoid FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: mostly tubular, surrounding the cornu of the hyoid apparatus; just under the skin except where covered by articulohyoideus and articulomylohyoideus; caudal to biventer maxillae.ORIGIN: mandible, medial surface of splenial element by fibers.INSERTION: epibranchial of hyoid by fibers; on cutaneus colli lateralis by fascia.ACTION: pulls hyoid apparatus cranially.5. M. mandibularis infraorbitalis, infraorbital mandibular muscle FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: short, straplike; in caudal area of orbit lateral to rostral process of the quadrate; under the temporalis et masseter laterally; superficial to the quadratomandibularis. ORIGIN: along the suture between alisphenoid and temporal wing of sphenoid medially.INSERTION: pars supra-angularis, to dorsal portion cranial to coronoid process.ACTION: closes beak.6. M. mandibulopalatinus -(See Plate 4) 7. M. pterygomandibularis, the pterygomandibular muscle FORM AND RELATIONSHIPS: flat, fleshy band just ventral to cranial process of pterygoideus; ventral to quadratomandibularis; caudal to mandibulopalatinus; dorsal to medial process of pars articularis of mandible.ORIGIN: pterygoideus, dorsal