Transport of CO2: Presentation of New Thermophysical Property Measurements and Phase Diagrams

CO 2 transportation is an integral part of the CCS chain. After capture, CO 2 needs to be transported to locations whereby it is stored or alternatively used in various processes. CO 2 can be transported via ship or pipeline. In both cases, the required compression pressure can be 100–300 bar, depending on the distance and intended disposal or use of CO 2 . The CO 2 rich stream can contain a number of impurities which can modify the phase diagram and change the thermophysical properties of the stream in comparison with the ones of pure CO 2 . Indeed, along with carbon dioxide, a great number of compounds such as water, O 2 , N 2 , Ar, SO x , NO x , H 2 and CO can be present at different levels of concentration. During transportation by pipeline, if the pipe suffers a major fracture due to an accidental release or a failure, CO 2 can rapidly expand and cool: vapour cloud followed by solid formation of CO 2 may appear. The impurities could change the characteristics of the leak and change the conditions and compositions of CO 2 clouds and solid. The presence of water can also be a source of gas hydrate formation, ice or corrosion. In this communication we will present new experimental data and their modelling concerning the phase diagrams of systems rich in CO 2 and their thermophysical properties. Comparisons of the results obtained using different equations of state are also reported.