Perceptions of generative AI in teaching and learning: UTAUT and TPACK model-based study of teachers and students

This study explores the perceptions of teachers and students regarding the integration of generative AI tools in teaching and learning. The research focuses on understanding how teachers view the adoption of AI technologies in lesson planning and their effects on students' learning behavior and academic performance. Additionally, the study investigates students' experiences with AI, examining its impact on learning outcomes, preferences, and the challenges they encounter. Data were collected from 244 students and 29 teachers at a public university through surveys and semi-structured interviews. The results reveal varying perspectives: while students and teachers acknowledged the potential benefits of generative AI, including personalized learning and improved access to academic resources, concerns were raised about data privacy, the accuracy of AI-generated content, and its limitations in promoting independent and critical thinking. The findings highlight the need for a strategic, inclusive approach to incorporating AI in education, emphasizing the importance of social influence, facilitating conditions, and pedagogical integration as outlined in the UTAUT and TPACK frameworks.