Assessment of Cytotoxic Potentials of Isoindole-Derived Compounds with Epoxy Alcohol Functionalities on Different Cancer Cell Lines and Molecular Docking Analysis

Abstract Objective: Isoindoline and epoxycyclohexane derivatives are known to exert beneficial effects on various inflammatory pathologies, including cancer. This study uniquely evaluates the cytotoxic potential of four synthesized isoindoline derivatives against five different cancer cell lines. Methods: Cancer cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of each derivative and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cytotoxicity was assessed via cell growth inhibition assays and cell membrane damage tests. Additionally, molecular docking studies were conducted to examine the interaction of the compounds with key cancer-related proteins: human tankyrase 1, c-MET, estrogen receptor alpha, androgen receptor, and EGFR. Results and Discussion: The epoxy alcohol derivatives demonstrated a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced membrane damage in adenocarcinoma cell lines. Apoptosis rates and in vitro wound healing assays further supported their antiproliferative potential. Conclusions: These findings suggest that epoxy isoindole derivatives may serve as promising anticancer agents for the treatment of cervical, lung, prostate, and breast cancers due to their cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities. Molecular docking results corroborated their potential mechanism of action.