Inter-organisational collaboration through blockchain governance and smart contracts: a design science research approach

This study investigates how blockchain and smart contracts provide governance for inter-organisational collaboration, focussing on Virtual Enterprises and Virtual Breeding Environments (VBEs) as manifestations of collaborative networks. We employ a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to design and evaluate a conceptual framework as our artefact. Guided by Enterprise Modelling (EM) methodology, we first propose the blockchain governance mechanisms of on-chain voting, token-based reputation, privacy-preserving data sharing, and identity management, which align with organisational requirements and behavioural aspects of collaborative networks. Second, we empirically validate, test, and provide a simulation analysis of the blockchain mechanisms. The findings represent preliminary evidence of the conceptual framework's generalised utility, highlighting the need for further empirical investigation into blockchain's relation with contractual and relational governance in inter-organisational settings. This study contributes to theory by advancing the understanding of inter-organisational collaboration through blockchain governance in the operations management field. We also offer practical insights to guide the design and action towards blockchain-enabled governance systems.