Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor
Квантовое превосходство с использованием программируемого сверхпроводящего процессора
2019-10-23
SCID: 54.1/bkn4wada
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53 qubitsSycamore processorprogrammable superconducting qubitsquantum supremacysampling quantum circuits
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Abstract (AI)
The promise of quantum computers is that certain computational tasks might be executed exponentially faster on a quantum processor than on a classical processor1. A fundamental challenge is to build a high-fidelity processor capable of running quantum algorithms in an exponentially large computational space. Here we report the use of a processor with programmable superconducting qubits2–7 to create quantum states on 53 qubits, corresponding to a computational state-space of dimension 253 (about 1016). Measurements from repeated experiments sample the resulting probability distribution, which we verify using classical simulations. Our Sycamore processor takes about 200 seconds to sample one instance of a quantum circuit a million times—our benchmarks currently indicate that the equivalent task for a state-of-the-art classical supercomputer would take approximately 10,000 years. This dramatic increase in speed compared to all known classical algorithms is an experimental realization of quantum supremacy8–14 for this specific computational task, heralding a much-anticipated computing paradigm. Quantum supremacy is demonstrated using a programmable superconducting processor known as Sycamore, taking approximately 200 seconds to sample one instance of a quantum circuit a million times, which would take a state-of-the-art supercomputer around ten thousand years to compute.
Key Findings
1
A programmable superconducting processor (Sycamore) created quantum states on 53 qubits, accessing a state-space of dimension 2^53 (~10^16).
2
Authors estimate an equivalent task on a state-of-the-art classical supercomputer would take approximately 10,000 years.
3
Repeated measurements sample the processor's output probability distribution, which was verified against classical simulations.
4
Sycamore took about 200 seconds to generate one instance of a quantum circuit sampled one million times.
5
This experiment constitutes an experimental realization of quantum supremacy for the specific sampling task demonstrated.
Research Object
Programmable superconducting quantum processor (Sycamore) with 53 qubits
Research Subject
Demonstration of quantum supremacy via sampling the output probability distribution of random quantum circuits on the 53-qubit processor and benchmarking its sampling runtime against classical supercomputers
Publication Details
Publication Date
2019-10-23
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